It has small white flowers and narrow silvery leaves that alternate along the stem. Native to the new world, it has been accidentally introduced into several countries and has become a serious agricultural and rangeland weed in parts of australia, asia, africa and. Discover lifes page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of parthenium argentatum guayule discover life. Genetic improvement of guayule parthenium argentatum a. This study expands existing, but limited and dated knowledge on irrigation management of guayule. Continued improvement of guayule for higher biomass, rubber production and resistance to. This species is a valuable component of cottage gardens, deer resistant plantings, rock gardens, waterwise landscapes, low maintenance. Background parthenium argentatumguayule is an industrial crop. Salt tolerance in relation to ploidy level in guayuleali estilai and michael c.
Parthenium integrifolium wild quinine from new moon nurseries. The sequence provides important information useful for genetic engineering strategies. Clipping as a method of harvesting guayule for rubber. Parthenium definition of parthenium by the free dictionary. Parthenium integrifolium is used as a fresh or dried cut flower and planted to provide showy blooms and winter interest. Guayule parthenium argentatum gray, a rubberplant of.
Parthenium synonyms, parthenium pronunciation, parthenium translation, english dictionary definition of parthenium. In this present study, we investigated the chemical control of. Chapter 6 genetic improvement of guayule parthenium. Guayule parthenium argentatum genetics, biochemistry, plant breeding, agronomics, rubber extraction and coproduct utilization have been studied during 19761988 to determine its potential as a domestic source of natural rubber for the usa. Chemical constituents and physical properties of guayule. Bigelow in 1852 and was first described by asa gray. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. The plants database includes the following 10 species of parthenium. Parthenium argentatum gray belongs to the family asteraceae and is a highly branched perennial shrub, which at maturity ranges from 0. The invention disclosed herein relates to a process for making elastomeric rubber articles, and in particular, the process of producing such articles from non hevea brazilensis rubber sources, such as guayule parthenium argentatum natural rubber that exhibits physical strength properties similar to or superior to that of hevea brazilensis natural rubber latex. Comparison to the sequences of plastid genomes from three other. Growth of direct seeded and transplanted guayule seedlingsjames l. Levulins and inulin in guayule, parthenium argentatum a. Despite its potential to be an alternative nr supplier, the enzymes for cis polyisoprene biosynthesis have not been comprehensively studied in guayule.
A related species, parthenium argentatum gray guayule yields rubber which can substitute for hevea rubber. Effect of growth regulators, sucrose and glutamine on shoot. Triterpenes in parthenium argentatum, structures of argtntatins c and d. Identification, impacts, and control of ragweed parthenium parthenium hysterophorus l. Parthenium hysterophorus weed is an alien invasive weed species spreading very fast in pakistan and in many other parts of the world. Parthenium argentatum, commonly known as the guayule. Guayule parthenium argentatum gray is a silvergraygreen perennial shrub used as a renewable source of natural rubber or latex.
Guayule parthenium argentatum gray is a natural rubber cisi,4 polyisoprene producing crop, native to north america. Previously identified as an allene oxide synthase aos, this cyp74 constitutes the most abundant protein found in guayule rubber particles. Straininduced crystallization behaviour of natural. Artificial exposure to low temperatures induces rubber accumulation in guayule in plants older than approximately 120 days 8. Agricultural production of the desert shrub, guayule parthenium argentatum g. Identification, impacts, and control of ragweed parthenium. Help pages, faqs, uniprotkb manual, documents, news archive and biocuration projects. Potential applications of guayulins to improve feasibility of guayule cultivation. Guayule parthenium argentatum gray, biodiversity heritage library.
Epithelial cells store more than neighbouring parenchyma cells. Its great for those who have trouble swallowing pills. There are 85 genes coding for proteins additional file 1, including six. Aimthe plant parthenium hysterophorus is a bitter weed, able to spread easily by wind, commonly seen in all places. Guayule parthenium argentatum is a perennial shrub in the asteraceae family and synthesizes a high quality, hypoallergenic cis1,4polyisoprene or natural rubber. Pdf guayule rubber and latex content seasonal variations over. It will readily colonise disturbed, bare areas along roadsides and heavily stocked areas around yards and watering points. Parthenium hysterophorus plant causes milk disease in livestock and also responsible for respiratory malfunction in humans. The record derives from tica data supplied on 20120211 which reports it as an accepted name record 1552a066f5374d33bf27614d7ca9b1c9 with original. It is regarded as one of the worst weeds in australia because of its invasiveness, potential for spread, and economic and environmental impacts. Preliminary investigation on the natural durability of.
In order to study the air pollution tolerance index of p. The recent availabilities of a crystal structure for the atypical a. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Gray, a plant native to semiarid regions of northern mexico and southern texas in the united states, is an. Guayule, a desert rubber plant arizona daily independent. Parthenium argentatum definition of parthenium argentatum.
The moths larvae feed inside the stem, forming galls that stunt the plants growth, reduce competitiveness and seed production. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The 17 species of parthenium range morphologically from small trees e. Gray, originates from the southern texas and northern mexico deserts, and is receiving wide attention as a natural rub ber crop that could successfully grow in arid and semiarid regions.
Gray is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus parthenium family compositae. National germplasm resources laboratory, beltsville, maryland. Parthenium or gajar ghans is the most common invasive species in india. Parthenium argentatum an overview sciencedirect topics. Gray, a woody perennial shrub native to the desert regions of northern mexico. Pdf triterpenes in parthenium argentatum, structures of. Irgwp 0240225, the international research group on wood preservation section 4, processes and properties.
The improvement of guayule for commercialscale production has been limited by the lack of genomic tools and wellcharacterized genetic resources. Interspecific hybridization between parthenium argentatum gray and parthenium lozanianumalfonso lopez benitez, f. Parthenium weed is a major problem in rangelands and summer cropping areas of. Investigation of pathogens for biological control of parthenium parthenium hysterophorus l in ethiopia.
The act requires everyone to take all reasonable and practical steps to minimise the risks associated with invasive plants and animals under their control. Download pdf download all download jpeg 2000 download text guayule parthenium argentatum gray, a rubberplant of the chihuahuan desert. Parthenium pdf parthenium weed is a weed of national. Antifeedant properties of natural products from parthenium. Comparative analysis of the complete sequence of the plastid. Us20090054595a1 compounding formulations for producing. We report functional genomics studies of a cyp74 rubber particle protein from parthenium argentatum, commonly called guayule. Media in category parthenium argentatum the following 37 files are in this category, out of 37 total. Parthenium argentatum synonyms, parthenium argentatum pronunciation, parthenium argentatum translation, english dictionary definition of parthenium argentatum. Guayule asteraceae is a dominant element of the flora on the limestone bajadas and hillsides of northern mexico and west texas. Bioactive cycloartanes from parthenium argentatum natural product communications vol. Convert and create pdf from various types of files like word doc, excel xls, powerpoint ppt.
The word parthenium is derived from the latin parthenice suggesting medicinal uses bailey 1960. Guayule parthenium argentatum and rubber dandelion taraxacum koksaghyz, also known as the russian dandelion, kazakh dandelion, buckeye gold, tk and tks have long been known to produce natural rubber nr,14 and are the most promising plants for the next generation of nr sources among. Arid land agricultural research center, usdaars, maricopa, az 85238. Members of the genus are commonly known as feverfew.
Transgenic guayule lines with aos gene expression downregulated by rnai aosi exhibited strong phenotypes that included. It is considered as one of the 100 most invasive species in the world by the iucn. Taye t, gossmann m, einhorn g, buttner c, metz r, abate d, 2002. Parthenium argentatum gray oxford academic journals. Parthenium argentatum gray guayule, a rubberproducing shrub, is also often. Stonebloom1 and henrik vibe scheller1,2 abstract background. Persistence tests demonstrated that more than 70% of parthenium seeds buried at 5 cm below the soil surface survived for at least 2 years, whereas seeds on the soil surface did not survive for longer than 6 months. The potential of pathogens as biological control of parthenium weed parthenium hysterophorus l. Resins allow guayule to resist many diseases and pests. Guayule parthenium argentatum is a relatively new commercial crop and the only species other than the brazilian rubber tree hevea brasiliensis that has been used for latex pro duction on a commercial scale. The fragility of a singlesource, geographically concentrated supply of natural rubber, a critical material of the modern economy, has brought guayule parthenium argentatum a. Parthenium seeds can occur between 8 o to 30 c the optimum temperature for germination being 22 o to 25 c. Natural products from the desert plants, parthenium argentatum, p. Pdf chemical control of parthenium hysterophorus l.
Parthenium hysterophorus is a weedy species in many countries and its fig. Pdf converter is a online webbased document to pdf converter software. Epiblema strenuana is a moth introduced from mexico established in all parthenium areas. Despite the fact that parthenium is considered a toxic plant industrial uses are reported in the literatures sastri and kavathekar 1990. Parthenium can also colonise brigalow, gidgee and softwood scrub soils. Characterization of cisprenyltransferase complexes in. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Jun 30, 2015 despite the fact that parthenium is considered a toxic plant industrial uses are reported in the literatures sastri and kavathekar 1990. Parthenium weed is a restricted invasive plant under the biosecurity act 2014 it must not be given away, sold, or released into the environment without a permit. Parthenium is also a health problem as contact with the plant or the pollen can cause serious allergic reactions such as dermatitis and hay fever. Pdf phytoanalysis of parthenium hysterophorus l root, stem. Frontiers downregulation of a cyp74 rubber particle. Despite its potential to be an alternative nr supplier, the enzymes for cispolyisoprene biosynthesis have not been comprehensively studied in guayule. Nov 17, 2009 parthenium argentatum guayule is an industrial crop that produces latex, which was recently commercialized as a source of latex rubber safe for people with type i latex allergy.
Guayule parthenium argentatum gray plants of the az2 cultivar were germinated in a greenhouse in eloy, az. Parthenium is a vigorous species that colonises weak pastures with sparse ground cover. This page was last edited on 10 december 2019, at 12. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Absence of crossreactivity of ige antibodies from subjects allergic to hevea brasiliensis latex with a new source of natural rubber latex from guayule parthenium argentatum. Guayule parthenium argentatum is a small woody, flowering shrub native to the southwestern united states and northern mexico. Surface irrigation management for guayule rubber production. Guayule parthenium argentatum is a perennial shrub in the asteraceae family and synthesizes a high quality, hypoallergenic cis 1,4polyisoprene or natural rubber.
At 4 months of age these plants were transferred to simulated summer conditions in a plant growth chamber 16 h day, 25 c daytime and 15 c nighttime temperatures. Use of common terms such as poison or plant will generate a large number of returns. Dates of introduction australia 1950s in contaminated grass seed department of natural resources, mines and energy 2003. Guayulins c and d from guayule parthenium argentatum. Guayule parthenium argentatum gray, a rubberplant of the chihuahuan desert, by francis ernest lloyd. Search the fda poisonous plant database data updated may 2008. Guayule, parthenium argentatum, rubbercontaining desert shrub of the family asteraceae, native to the northcentral plateau of mexico and the big bend area of texas. Media in category parthenium argentatumthe following 37 files are in this category, out of 37 total. Germplasm resources information network grintaxonomy. Transcriptome analysis of rubber biosynthesis in guayule. Usda, agricultural research service, national plant germplasm system. Gray, a woody perennial shrub native to the desert regions of northern mexico and. Parthenium hysterophorus is an annual herb that aggressively colonizes disturbed sites.
Alternate, simple, evergreen, lanceolate to ovate, 1 to 3 inches long, entire or with a few scatterd teeth or shallow lobes, graygreen with abundant silvery hairs above and below. Guayule resin detection and influence on guayule rubber. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Chemical constituents and physical properties of guayule wood and bark poo chowa, francis s. Preliminary investigation on the natural durability of guayule parthenium argentatum based wood products by francis s.
Details guayule parthenium argentatum gray, a rubber. Research article open access transcriptome analysis of rubber biosynthesis in guayule parthenium argentatum gray solomon h. A highthroughput quantification of resin and rubber contents in. Chemical constituents and physical properties of guayule wood. However, with suitable conditions rain, available moisture, mild temperatures, parthenium weed can grow and produce lowers at any time of the year. Frontiers molecular studies of the protein complexes. Guayule is the only source of natural rubber latex free of tropical proteins. It is regarded as one of the worst weeds in australia because of its invasiveness, potential. Unlike rubber produced from tropical plants, the latex in guayule is hypoallergenic, i.
Guayule parthenium argentatum is a relatively new commercial crop and the only species other than the brazilian rubber tree hevea brasiliensis that has been used for latex production on a commercial scale. In a prairie or meadow, scatter small groups of plants in drifts among the grasses. Parthenium is a genus of north american shrubs in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family the name parthenium is derived from either the greek word parthenos, meaning virgin, or parthenion, an ancient name for a plant. Guayule parthenium argentatum gray, a rubberplant of the chihuahuan desert, related titles. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species. Pdf parthenium is a serious problem in several tropical and subtropical areas around the world and particularly an emerging problem in southern. Parthenium argentatum improved some durability properties of wood when it was treated with resin extracted from guayule. Parthenium weed is a weed of national significance. Legal requirements parthenium is a restricted invasive plant under the biosecurity act 2014. Recently, implications of the protein complex involving cis. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Parthenium argentatum muchbranched subshrub with silvery leaves and small white flowers of texas and northern mexico. Parthenium is listed as a weed of national significance. Pdf rubber from guayule parthenium argentatum gray, asteraceae is essentially equivalent to that from the rubber tree hevea brasiliensis find, read.
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